What
is Internet? A huge, world wide network of computers that
communicate with each other as allowing global easy communications between users
of different computers. No single company, agency or organization owns or
controls the Internet, making it slightly anarchic but loads of fun, once you
are connected. Connection may be through a modem or, if your office is attached
to the Internet, through a network connection. Internet offers the flexibility to
confer with colleagues from all over the world. The chief characteristics of
Internet are as follow -
1.
Point-to-point communication is one of the
characteristics of internet.
2.
It is very powerful tool to locate or search
enormous amounts of data.
3.
Hyper-linking is possible through internet which
helped the user switch to another data source, on the other side of the globe.
4.
Instant and interactive communication is
possible through internet.
5.
Internet is user-friendly, reliable and quick in
providing maximum benefits to its user.
6.
Internet gives opportunity to work together,
exchange ideas and results carry put joint experiments or simulations without
being in the same place.
7.
It provides a fast and reliable communication
infrastructure that provides up-to-date and real time information.
8.
The Internet provides a wide range of
information resources in almost all fields of knowledge.
History and Evolution of Internet
The
origin place of Internet is United States of America. It was created by the
Advanced Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET) one of the agency of USA
army in year 1969. In late 1980’s, the National Science Foundation of USA has
developed NSF net and allowed civilians to access the Internet. The WWW were
released in 1992. The first-real Internet connection was established between
four US universities namely Stanford Research Institute, UCLA, DC, Santa
Barbara arid the University of Utah. The ARPANET provided, for the first time
international connection to agencies outside US in 1973. Presently in India,
ops the list of developing countries in Internet use. 
Working of Internet
There
are common set of rules and procedures to reach information to the designation.
This is called protocols which are followed by all Internet based system. These
are known as:
1.
Transmission control protocol (TCP)
2.
Internet protocol mechanisms (IP).
What are Transmission Control Protocol
(TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)?
Actually,
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) divides the data into little packets and
Internet Protocol (IP) puts the designation address on each packets.
Each
network and computer system on the Internet has a unique numeric address. This
is called domain name system (DNS). The IP in TCP/IP is the mechanism for
providing address for computers on the Internet. These internet addresses have
two forms:
1.
One for the understanding of the user.
2.
One for the understanding of the machine.
Get into the Internet Service Provider (ISP) is needed. Internet Services Providers are commercial company that provides access to the internet. Most of the countries have their national ISP. In India ISP are VSNL (Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd), BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited), Satyam, Disnet, Mantram etc.
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